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PYTHAGORAS
GREEK INSTRUMENTS
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Lyre
- probably the most important and well-known instrument in the Greek world
- originally called the chelys because of the tortoise shell as the sound box
- said to be invented by the god Hermes
- either played alone or as accompaniment for singing or lyrical poetry
- used at all occasions such as official banquets, private drinking parties, religious ceremonies, funerals, and musical competitions
- frequently appear on Greek pottery
- mainly used for musical education of the young, and by amateur players in general
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Kithara
- plucked instrument with seven strings of equal length
- musician who played it known as a kitharode
- was widely used in Greek public performances, especially for virtuoso displays
- principal concert, choral, and competition instrument played by professional musicians
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Barbitos
- instrument of the lyre family with longer arms and a narrower sound box
- especially associated on vase paintings and in literature
- popular instrument for accompaniment for singers and entertainment for drinking parties and festivals
- not used for music lessons because Aristotle stated that it was designed purely for pleasure, not for education
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Epignion
- instrument with the largest amount of strings; as many as 40
- invented by Epigonus and played on the knee
- similar to the modern day harp and harpsichord
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epignion.mp3 | |
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Pandouris / Pandourion
- also called a trichord because of its three strings
- first fretted instrument known
- part of the lute family
- source of knowledge about this instrument comes from the Mantineia marble, which depicts the mythical contest between Apollo and Marsyas where a pandouris is being played by a muse seated on a rock
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Aulos
- wind instrument also known as the kalamos or libykos lotos
- associated with the god Dionysus
- played at festivals, processions of births and deaths, athletic games, social occasions, private drinking parties, and performances of tragedy in the theatre